Atualizar defaults.env

Reviewed-on: #2

.gitignore

@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@ ENV/
 env.bak/
 venv.bak/
 .tmp-samples/
+.tmp*
+.venv*
 
 # Spyder project settings
 .spyderproject
@@ -223,7 +225,8 @@ $RECYCLE.BIN/
 .LSOverride
 
 # Icon must end with two \r
-Icon␍
+Icon
+
 
 # Thumbnails
 ._*

.python-version

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+3.11

README.md

@@ -2,9 +2,46 @@
 
 Python project to gather several projects that convert EPUB files to audiobooks (M4B files, mostly), with different TTS backends.
 
+# TL;DR
+
+## Setup
+```sh
+git clone https://git.silveirarosa.com/renatoxsr/epub-tts
+cd .\epub-tts\
+pyenv local 3.11
+python3 -m venv .venv
+git submodule update --init --recursive
+```
+
+## Install on Windows
+```pwsh
+.\.venv\Scripts\python.exe -m pip install -e '.[dev]'
+.\.venv\Scripts\download-epub-minimal.exe
+.\.venv\Scripts\download-moby-dick.exe
+.\.venv\Scripts\download-moby-dick-media-overlays.exe
+.\.venv\Scripts\epub-tts.exe -i .\.tmp-samples\minimal.epub -o .\.tmp-m4b\minimal.m4b -b epub2tts-edge
+```
+
+## Install on POSIX
+```sh
+.\.venv\bin\python -m pip install -e '.[dev]'
+.\.venv\bin\download-epub-minimal
+.\.venv\bin\download-moby-dick
+.\.venv\bin\download-moby-dick-media-overlays
+.\.venv\bin\epub-tts -i ./.tmp-samples/minimal.epub -o ./.tmp-m4b/minimal.m4b -b epub2tts-edge
+```
+
 # Requirements
 
-Recent Python (>=3.11), pip (>=22.3), some sort of virtula environment recommended (such as the builtin venv package), and a Rust compatible platform (avoid embedded systems which do not have pre-built binaries for the compiled requirements, e.g., Android's Termux try to build everything from sources and fails miserably when doing so).
+- `ffmpeg` available (your distribution's version should be ok)
+- Recent Python (>=3.11), pip (>=22.3), and some sort of virtual environment recommended (such as the builtin venv package).
+- a Rust compatible platform. Avoid embedded systems which do not have pre-built
+  binaries for the compiled requirements (e.g., Android's Termux try to build
+  everything from sources and fails miserably when doing so).
+- For GPU use, make sure you are installing compatible versions of
+  [`pytorch`](https://pytorch.org/get-started/locally/) and adjust your backends
+  installation method, for instance, run `pip install --force-reinstall` with the correct args
+  inside the relevant virtual environments.
 
 # Installation
 

defaults.env

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+HF_TOKEN=
+NLTK_DATA=

pyproject.toml

@@ -27,7 +27,25 @@ classifiers = [
 ]
 
 dependencies = [
+    "audioop-lts; python_version >= '3.13'",
+    "beautifulsoup4",
+    "colorlog",
+    "dotenv",
+    "ebooklib",
+    "kokoro>=0.9.4",
     "load-dotenv>=0.1.0",
+    "lxml",
+    "mutagen",
+    "nltk",
+    "numpy", # --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu132
+    "pillow",  # --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu132
+    "pyyaml",
+    "pydub",
+    "soundfile",
+    "torch", # --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu132
+    "torchaudio", # --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu132
+    "torchcodec", # PyTorch 2.9+ # --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu132
+    "tqdm", # --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu132
 ]
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]

src/epub_tts/__init__.py

@@ -12,3 +12,8 @@ try:
 except PackageNotFoundError:
     # package is not installed
     pass
+
+
+#from .logger import logger, loglevel_map, get_logger
+#from .utils import DataDict, PathLike, path
+#from .app import App

src/epub_tts/__main__.py

@@ -3,23 +3,38 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
 # See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
 
-
 import sys
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+from pathlib import Path
 from argparse import ArgumentParser
 
-from epub_tts import aedocw_backend, tts_backend, tts_edge
+# Pip packages
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
 
-backend = {
+# Local imports
+from . import tts_aedocw,  tts_generic
+#from . import tts_kokoro
+from . import log, PathLike
+from .utils import check_env
+
+# Setup env
+load_dotenv()  # load environment variables from .env file if present
+
+# Globals
+WHICH = ["ffmpeg"] # Neded in $PATH
+BACKENDS = {
     # keys are the backend names, values are the corresponding TTS classes
-    "default": tts_backend.GenericTTSBackend,
-    "edge": tts_edge.TTSEdge,
+    "default": tts_generic.GenericTTSBackend,
+    "edge": tts_aedocw.TTSEdge,
     # aedocw-backed implementations — these expect the corresponding
     # package "console scripts"/entrypoints to be available in the
     # environment (or an explicit backend_cmd to be provided).
-    "epub2tts": aedocw_backend.AedocwEpub2TTS,
-    "epub2tts-edge": aedocw_backend.AedocwEpub2TTSEdge,
-    "epub2tts-chatterbox": aedocw_backend.AedocwChatterbox,
-    "epub2tts-kokoro": aedocw_backend.AedocwKokoro,
+    "epub2tts": tts_aedocw.AedocwEpub2TTS,
+    "epub2tts-edge": tts_aedocw.AedocwEpub2TTSEdge,
+    "epub2tts-chatterbox": tts_aedocw.AedocwChatterbox,
+    "epub2tts-kokoro": tts_aedocw.AedocwKokoro,
+    "generic-epub2tts": tts_aedocw.Epub2TTS,
+    #"kokoro": tts_kokoro.KokoroBackend,
 }
 
 
@@ -31,32 +46,75 @@ def main(args=None):
         action="version",
         version=f"%(prog)s {__import__('epub_tts').__version__}",
     )
-    p.add_argument("-i", "--input", help="Input EPUB file", required=True)
-    p.add_argument("-o", "--output", help="Output audio file", required=True)
-    p.add_argument("-l", "--language", help="Language to use for TTS")
-    p.add_argument("-v", "--voice", help="Voice to use for TTS")
-    p.add_argument(
-        "-b",
-        "--backend",
-        help="Backend to use for TTS",
-        default="default",
-        choices=backend.keys(),
-    )
-    args = p.parse_args(args or sys.argv[1:])
-    print(
-        f"Converting {args.input} to {args.output} using voice "
-        f"{args.voice}, language {args.language}, "
-        f"backend {args.backend}, ..."
-    )
+    # Input options and processing
+    p.add_argument("-i", "--input", 
+                   nargs="+", required=True,
+                   help="Input EPUB file")
+    p.add_argument("-r", "--replace", action="append", nargs=2, 
+                   help="Replace text in the intermediate output. "
+                   "Specify pairs of old_text new_text. "
+                   "Can be used multiple times.")
+    p.add_argument("--check-env",action="store_true",
+                    help="Check the runtime environment and exit")
+    p.add_argument("-b", "--backend", default="default",
+                   choices=BACKENDS.keys(),
+                   help="Backend to use for TTS")
 
-    backend_cls = backend[args.backend]
-    backend_instance = backend_cls(
-        backend_cmd=None,
-        language=args.language,
-        voice=args.voice,
-    )
-    backend_instance.run(args.input, args.output)
+    # Output options
+    p.add_argument("-o", "--output", 
+                   help="Output audio file", required=True)
+    p.add_argument("-c", "--cover", 
+                   help="Path to cover image to embed or use "
+                   "for output metadata")
+    
+    # Speech options
+    p.add_argument("-l", "--language", 
+                   help="Language to use for TTS (see your "
+                   "backend's documentation for available voices)")
+    p.add_argument("-v", "--voice", 
+                   help="Voice to use for TTS (see your backend's "
+                   "documentation for available voices)")
+    p.add_argument("--speed", type=float, default=1.0, 
+                   help="Playback speed multiplier (default: 1.0) "
+                   "(not all backends support this)")
+    p.add_argument("--short-pause", type=int, default=None, 
+                   help="Short pause duration in milliseconds between "
+                   "phrases or sentences (not all backends support this)")
+    p.add_argument("--long-pause", type=int, default=None, 
+                   help="Long pause duration in milliseconds between "
+                   "sections or paragraphs (not all backends support this)")
+    p.add_argument("--notitles", action="store_true",
+                   help="Do not read chapter titles")
+
+    # Parse
+    args = p.parse_args(args or sys.argv[1:])
+    setattr(args, 'replace_map', 
+            {old: new for old, new in args.replace} if args.replace else None)
+    log(args)
+
+    # Execute actions
+    if args.check_env:
+        check_env()
+           
+    engine = BACKENDS[args.backend](**vars(args))
+    if len(args.input) > 1 and not output_dest.is_dir():
+        log(f"Output must be a directory when multiple input files are provided", level="error")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    for file in args.input:
+        log(file)
+        if not Path(file).exists():
+            log(f"Input file {file} does not exist", level="error")
+            sys.exit(1)
+        output_dest = Path(args.output)
+        engine.run(
+            file, output_dest, 
+            **vars(args),
+            )
+    
+=======
+from .cli import cli
+>>>>>>> dev
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    sys.exit(main())
+    sys.exit(cli())

src/epub_tts/aedocw_backend.py

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Backends for the aedocw collection of EPUB->TTS repositories.
-
-This module defines subclasses of GenericTTSBackend that provide sane
-default backend command names for the aedocw repositories available on
-GitHub: epub2tts, epub2tts-edge, epub2tts-chatterbox and epub2tts-kokoro.
-
-The vendored packages are run in isolated virtual environments when the
-corresponding console script is not available in the current environment.
-"""
-
-from typing import Optional
-
-from . import epub2tts as epub2tts_adapter
-from . import epub2tts_chatterbox as epub2tts_chatterbox_adapter
-from . import epub2tts_edge as epub2tts_edge_adapter
-from . import epub2tts_kokoro as epub2tts_kokoro_adapter
-from .tts_backend import GenericTTSBackend
-
-
-class AedocwBackend(GenericTTSBackend):
-    """Generic aedocw backend wrapper.
-
-    Parameters:
-        repo: repository name (one of the keys in _CMD_MAP)
-        backend_cmd: explicit command/executable to use (overrides repo mapping)
-        language: optional language code
-        voice: optional voice name
-
-    The GenericTTSBackend stores the default command name in self.backend_cmd,
-    but the vendored adapters may still run the package in their own venv if
-    the console script is not present.
-    """
-
-    _CMD_MAP = {
-        "epub2tts": "epub2tts",
-        "epub2tts-edge": "epub2tts-edge",
-        "epub2tts-chatterbox": "epub2tts-chatterbox",
-        "epub2tts-kokoro": "epub2tts-kokoro",
-    }
-
-    _RUNNER_MAP = {
-        "epub2tts": epub2tts_adapter.run,
-        "epub2tts-edge": epub2tts_edge_adapter.run,
-        "epub2tts-chatterbox": epub2tts_chatterbox_adapter.run,
-        "epub2tts-kokoro": epub2tts_kokoro_adapter.run,
-    }
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        repo: str = "epub2tts",
-        backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-        language: Optional[str] = None,
-        voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        if backend_cmd is None:
-            backend_cmd = self._CMD_MAP.get(repo, "epub2tts")
-        super().__init__(backend_cmd=backend_cmd, language=language, voice=voice)
-        self.repo = repo
-
-    def run(self, input_source, output_dest):
-        runner = self._RUNNER_MAP.get(self.repo)
-        if runner is None:
-            raise ValueError(f"Unknown repository backend: {self.repo}")
-
-        return runner(
-            input_source,
-            output_dest,
-            language=self.language,
-            voice=self.voice,
-            backend_cmd=self.backend_cmd,
-        )
-
-
-class AedocwEpub2TTS(AedocwBackend):
-    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts."""
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-        language: Optional[str] = None,
-        voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(
-            repo="epub2tts", backend_cmd=backend_cmd, language=language, voice=voice
-        )
-
-
-class AedocwEpub2TTSEdge(AedocwBackend):
-    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-edge."""
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-        language: Optional[str] = None,
-        voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(
-            repo="epub2tts-edge",
-            backend_cmd=backend_cmd,
-            language=language,
-            voice=voice,
-        )
-
-
-class AedocwChatterbox(AedocwBackend):
-    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-chatterbox."""
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-        language: Optional[str] = None,
-        voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(
-            repo="epub2tts-chatterbox",
-            backend_cmd=backend_cmd,
-            language=language,
-            voice=voice,
-        )
-
-
-class AedocwKokoro(AedocwBackend):
-    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-kokoro."""
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-        language: Optional[str] = None,
-        voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        super().__init__(
-            repo="epub2tts-kokoro",
-            backend_cmd=backend_cmd,
-            language=language,
-            voice=voice,
-        )
-
-
-__all__ = [
-    "AedocwBackend",
-    "AedocwEpub2TTS",
-    "AedocwEpub2TTSEdge",
-    "AedocwChatterbox",
-    "AedocwKokoro",
-]

src/epub_tts/app.py

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+"""config.py
+
+The industry-standard hierarchy for application configuration is:
+1. Command-Line Arguments (argparse) (Highest priority – explicit runtime overrides).
+2. Environment Variables (os.environ) (Medium priority – deployment or session-specific configuration).
+3. Configuration Files (e.g., .env, .ini, .yaml files)
+4. Hardcoded Defaults (Lowest priority – fallback safety net)
+"""
+# stdlib
+from argparse import ArgumentParser
+from collections import UserDict
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import sys
+
+
+# Pip packages
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+
+# Local imports
+from . import tts_aedocw,  tts_generic, tts_kokoro
+from . import logger, PathLike, loglevel_map
+from . import DataDict
+
+class App():
+
+    WHICH = ["ffmpeg"] # Needed in $PATH
+    
+    BACKENDS = {
+        # keys are the backend names, values are the corresponding TTS classes
+        "default": tts_generic.GenericTTSBackend,
+        "edge": tts_aedocw.TTSEdge,
+        # aedocw-backed implementations — these expect the corresponding
+        # package "console scripts"/entrypoints to be available in the
+        # environment (or an explicit backend_cmd to be provided).
+        "epub2tts": tts_aedocw.AedocwEpub2TTS,
+        "epub2tts-edge": tts_aedocw.AedocwEpub2TTSEdge,
+        "epub2tts-chatterbox": tts_aedocw.AedocwChatterbox,
+        "epub2tts-kokoro": tts_aedocw.AedocwKokoro,
+        "generic-epub2tts": tts_aedocw.Epub2TTS,
+        "kokoro": tts_kokoro.KokoroBackend,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self,
+            input_str: Optional[str|Path|list[str|Path]],
+            output_str: Optional[str|Path],
+            backend: str,
+            ):
+        
+
+        # Validate and sanitize output
+        self.output_path = App.path(self.output)
+        if len(self.input) > 1 and not self.output_path.is_dir():
+            self.logger.error("Output must be a directory when multiple input files are provided. Invalid: '%s'", self.output_path)
+            sys.exit(1)
+        del self._data["output"]
+
+        # Validate and sanitize input
+        self.input_files = {}
+        self.input_dirs = []
+        self.logger.info("Paths provided as input: %d", len(self.input))
+        for i, input_str in enumerate(self.input):
+            self.logger.info("[Input %d] %s", i+1, input_str)
+            input_path = App.path(input_str)
+            if not input_path.exists():
+                self.logger.warning("Skipping path (do not exist): '%s'.", input_path)
+                continue 
+            if input_path.is_dir():
+                self.input_dir.append(input_path)
+                self.logger.info("Added directory to queue: '%s'", input_path)
+            else:
+                self.input_files[input_str] = {"path":input_path}
+                self.input_files[input_str]["filename"] = self.input_files[input_str]["path"].name
+                self.input_files[input_str]["stem"] = self.input_files[input_str]["path"].stem
+                self.input_files[input_str]["suffix"] = self.input_files[input_str]["path"].suffix
+                #self.input_files[input_str]["filetype"] = ebook_meta self.input_files[input_str]["path"]
+                self.logger.info("Added file to queue: %s", self.input_files[input_str])
+        del self._data["input"]
+
+
+        # Sanitize replace_map
+        self.logger.debug(self.replace)
+        if self.replace and len(self.replace) % 2 == 0:
+            self.replace_map = { old: new for old, new in self.replace}
+        del self.replace
+
+
+        # print args
+        self.logger.debug(self)
+    
+        # Execute actions
+        if self._parsed_args.check_env:
+            self.check_env()
+        
+        self.engine = App.BACKENDS[self.backend](self)
+
+
+    # Utility methods
+    def check_env(self, which=None):
+        """Check anvironment for necessary binaries"""
+        if not which:
+            which = self.WHICH
+        if isinstance(which, str):
+            if " " in which:
+                which = which.split()
+            which = [which]
+        for bin in which:
+            if sys.platform == "win32": 
+                p = shutil.which(bin + ".exe")
+            else:
+                p = shutil.which(bin)
+            if not p:
+                self.logger.error(f"%s is either NOT installed or "
+                        "NOT in your system PATH.", bin)
+                return False
+            else:
+                self.logger.info(f"%s found at: %s", bin, p)
+                return True

src/epub_tts/cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+"""Command-line interface for converting EPUB to audio using TTS.
+
+This module provides a command-line interface (CLI) for converting EPUB files to audio using text-to-speech (TTS) backends. It allows users to specify the input EPUB file, output audio file, language, voice, and backend to use for TTS conversion.
+
+usage:  epub-tts [-h] [--version] -i INPUT -o OUTPUT [-l LANGUAGE]
+          [-v VOICE] [-b {default,edge,epub2tts,epub2tts-edge,epub2tts-chatterbox,epub2tts-kokoro}]
+
+optional arguments:
+    -h, --help            show this help message and exit
+    --version             Show version and exit
+    -i INPUT, --input INPUT
+                                                Input EPUB file
+    -o OUTPUT, --output OUTPUT
+                                                Output audio file
+    -l LANGUAGE, --language LANGUAGE
+                                                Language to use for TTS
+    -v VOICE, --voice     Voice to use for TTS
+    -b {default,edge,epub2tts,epub2tts-edge,epub2tts-chatterbox,epub2tts-kokoro}, --backend {default,edge,epub2tts,epub2tts-edge,epub2tts-chatterbox,epub2tts-kokoro}
+                                                Backend to use for TTS
+"""
+# stdlib
+import os
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from argparse import ArgumentParser
+
+# Local imports
+from . import App
+from . import logger, get_logger
+
+# Globals/Defaults
+DEFAULT_ENV_FILE=".env"
+ENV_FILE_OVERRIDE=False
+DEBUG = False
+LOGLEVEL = "WARNING"
+
+
+def get_parser():
+    p = ArgumentParser(description="Convert EPUB to audio using TTS")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--version",
+        help="Show version and exit",
+        action="version",
+        version=f"%(prog)s {__import__('epub_tts').__version__}")
+
+    # General options
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--debug", dest="debug_level", action="store_true",
+        help="Enable debug logging and verbose diagnostics")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--verbose", action="store_true",
+        help="Enable info-level logging")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--loglevel",
+        type=str.upper, default=logging.INFO,
+        choices=["DEBUG", "INFO", "WARNING", "ERROR", "CRITICAL"],
+        help="Set logging level, from most verbose to least verbose:")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--logfile", default=None,
+        help="Write logs to the specified file")
+
+    # Input options and processing
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-i", "--input", 
+        nargs="+", required=True,
+        help="Input EPUB file")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-r", "--replace", action="append", nargs=2, 
+        help="Replace text in the intermediate output. "
+        "Specify pairs of old_text new_text. "
+        "Can be used multiple times.")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--check-env",action="store_true",
+        help="Check the runtime environment and exit")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-b", "--backend", default="default",
+        choices=App.BACKENDS.keys(),
+        help="Backend to use for TTS")
+
+    # Output options
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-o", "--output", 
+        help="Output audio file", required=True)
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-c", "--cover", 
+        help="Path to cover image to embed or use "
+        "for output metadata")
+    
+    # Speech options
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-l", "--language", 
+        help="Language to use for TTS (see your "
+        "backend's documentation for available voices)")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "-v", "--voice", 
+        help="Voice to use for TTS (see your backend's "
+        "documentation for available voices)")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--speed", type=float, default=1.0, 
+        help="Playback speed multiplier (default: 1.0) "
+        "(not all backends support this)")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--short-pause", type=int, default=None, 
+        help="Short pause duration in milliseconds between "
+        "phrases or sentences (not all backends support this)")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--long-pause", type=int, default=None, 
+        help="Long pause duration in milliseconds between "
+        "sections or paragraphs (not all backends support this)")
+    p.add_argument(
+        "--notitles", action="store_true",
+        help="Do not read chapter titles")
+
+    return p
+
+def setup_app(cmdline:str|list[str]=None):
+
+    logger = get_logger()
+    parser = get_parser()
+    parsed_args = p.parse_args(cmdline)
+    if "env_file" not in self._data:
+        self._data["env_file"] = App.DEFAULT_ENV_FILE
+        self.logger.debug(self._data["env_file"])
+    
+
+    # for path_flag in ["env_file"]:
+    #     if not Path(self[path_flag]).exists():
+    #         self.logger.warning(f"Could not read %s. Ignoring '%s' and using '%s'", path_flag, self[path_flag], App.DEFAULT_ENV_FILE)
+    #         self[path_flag] = App["DEFAULT_" + path_flag.upper()]
+
+    
+    
+    # load .env/env_file
+    load_dotenv(self.env_file, override=os.environ.get("ENV_FILE_OVERRIDE",App.ENV_FILE_OVERRIDE))
+
+    # Now we can call argparser with correct defaults and logger/loglevel
+    # Get ArgumentParser and pased *args or read from sys.argv
+    self._parsed_args = self.get_parser().parse_args(args or sys.argv[1:])
+    for k,v in self._parsed_args.__dict__.items():
+        self[k] = v
+
+def cli(args=None):
+    app = App()
+    app.engine(**vars(args))
+    app.engine.run(
+        app.file, app.output_dest, 
+        **vars(args),
+        )
+

src/epub_tts/epub2tts.py

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Adapter for the vendored github.com/aedocw/epub2tts repository."""
-
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
-
-from .vendor_utils import build_run_command
-
-SUPPORTED_AUDIO_FORMATS = {
-    ".m4b": "m4b",
-    ".wav": "wav",
-    ".flac": "flac",
-}
-
-
-def _normalize_path(path_input: Path | str) -> Path:
-    return Path(path_input)
-
-
-def _build_command(
-    input_source: Path,
-    output_dest: Path,
-    language: Optional[str] = None,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> list[str]:
-    command = build_run_command("epub2tts", "epub2tts", backend_cmd=backend_cmd)
-    command.append(str(input_source))
-
-    if language:
-        command.extend(["--language", language])
-
-    if voice:
-        command.extend(["--speaker", voice])
-
-    output_format = SUPPORTED_AUDIO_FORMATS.get(output_dest.suffix.lower(), "m4b")
-    if output_format != "m4b":
-        command.extend(["--audioformat", output_format])
-
-    return command
-
-
-def run(
-    input_source: Path | str,
-    output_dest: Path | str,
-    language: Optional[str] = None,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    input_path = _normalize_path(input_source)
-    output_path = _normalize_path(output_dest)
-    output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    command = _build_command(
-        input_path,
-        output_path,
-        language=language,
-        voice=voice,
-        backend_cmd=backend_cmd,
-    )
-
-    completed = subprocess.run(command, cwd=str(input_path.parent), check=True)
-
-    generated_path = input_path.with_suffix(
-        SUPPORTED_AUDIO_FORMATS.get(output_path.suffix.lower(), "m4b")
-    )
-    if generated_path != output_path:
-        generated_path.replace(output_path)
-
-    return completed

src/epub_tts/epub2tts_chatterbox.py

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Adapter for the vendored github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-chatterbox repository."""
-
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
-
-from .vendor_utils import build_run_command
-
-DEFAULT_SAMPLE = "none"
-
-
-def _normalize_path(path_input: Path | str) -> Path:
-    return Path(path_input)
-
-
-def _build_command(
-    input_source: Path,
-    sample: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> list[str]:
-    command = build_run_command(
-        "epub2tts-chatterbox",
-        "epub2tts_chatterbox",
-        backend_cmd=backend_cmd,
-    )
-    command.append(str(input_source))
-    if sample and sample != DEFAULT_SAMPLE:
-        command.extend(["--sample", sample])
-    return command
-
-
-def run(
-    input_source: Path | str,
-    output_dest: Path | str,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    input_path = _normalize_path(input_source)
-    output_path = _normalize_path(output_dest)
-    output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    sample_text = DEFAULT_SAMPLE
-    cwd = input_path.parent
-    if voice:
-        voice_path = Path(voice)
-        sample_text = voice_path.name
-        if voice_path.parent != Path(""):
-            cwd = str(voice_path.parent)
-
-    command = _build_command(input_path, sample=sample_text, backend_cmd=backend_cmd)
-    completed = subprocess.run(command, cwd=cwd, check=True)
-
-    generated_path = Path(cwd) / f"{input_path.stem} ({sample_text}).m4b"
-    if generated_path != output_path:
-        generated_path.replace(output_path)
-
-    return completed

src/epub_tts/epub2tts_edge.py

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Adapter for the vendored github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-edge repository."""
-
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
-
-from .vendor_utils import build_run_command
-
-DEFAULT_SPEAKER = "en-US-AndrewNeural"
-
-
-def _normalize_path(path_input: Path | str) -> Path:
-    return Path(path_input)
-
-
-def _build_command(
-    input_source: Path,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> list[str]:
-    command = build_run_command(
-        "epub2tts-edge", "epub2tts_edge", backend_cmd=backend_cmd
-    )
-    command.append(str(input_source))
-    if voice:
-        command.extend(["--speaker", voice])
-    return command
-
-
-def run(
-    input_source: Path | str,
-    output_dest: Path | str,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    input_path = _normalize_path(input_source)
-    output_path = _normalize_path(output_dest)
-    output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    speaker = voice or DEFAULT_SPEAKER
-    command = _build_command(input_path, voice=speaker, backend_cmd=backend_cmd)
-    completed = subprocess.run(command, cwd=str(input_path.parent), check=True)
-
-    generated_path = input_path.parent / f"{input_path.stem} ({speaker}).m4b"
-    if generated_path != output_path:
-        generated_path.replace(output_path)
-
-    return completed

src/epub_tts/epub2tts_kokoro.py

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Adapter for the vendored github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-kokoro repository."""
-
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
-
-from .vendor_utils import build_run_command
-
-DEFAULT_SPEAKER = "af_heart"
-
-
-def _normalize_path(path_input: Path | str) -> Path:
-    return Path(path_input)
-
-
-def _build_command(
-    input_source: Path,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> list[str]:
-    command = build_run_command(
-        "epub2tts-kokoro", "epub2tts_kokoro", backend_cmd=backend_cmd
-    )
-    command.append(str(input_source))
-    if voice:
-        command.extend(["--speaker", voice])
-    return command
-
-
-def run(
-    input_source: Path | str,
-    output_dest: Path | str,
-    voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    input_path = _normalize_path(input_source)
-    output_path = _normalize_path(output_dest)
-    output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-
-    speaker = voice or DEFAULT_SPEAKER
-    command = _build_command(input_path, voice=speaker, backend_cmd=backend_cmd)
-    completed = subprocess.run(command, cwd=str(input_path.parent), check=True)
-
-    generated_path = input_path.parent / f"{input_path.stem} ({speaker}).m4b"
-    if generated_path != output_path:
-        generated_path.replace(output_path)
-
-    return completed

src/epub_tts/logger.py

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+# ============================================================
+#   Logging
+# ============================================================
+from pathlib import Path
+import enum
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import pprint
+import locale
+import yaml
+from typing import Any, Optional, Callable, Required
+
+# pip packages
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+import colorlog
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+loglevel_map = logging.getLevelNamesMapping()
+
+
+# Globals
+format_str = "[%(name)s][%(filename)s:%(lineno)04d][%(relativeCreated)s]::%(levelname).4s: (%(funcName)s) %(message)s"
+#  %(name)s            Name of the logger (logging channel)
+#  %(levelno)s         Numeric logging level for the message (DEBUG, INFO,
+#                      WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
+#  %(levelname)s       Text logging level for the message ("DEBUG", "INFO",
+#                      "WARNING", "ERROR", "CRITICAL")
+#  %(pathname)s        Full pathname of the source file where the logging
+#                      call was issued (if available)
+#  %(filename)s        Filename portion of pathname
+#  %(module)s          Module (name portion of filename)
+#  %(lineno)d          Source line number where the logging call was issued
+#                      (if available)
+#  %(funcName)s        Function name
+#  %(created)f         Time when the LogRecord was created (time.time_ns() / 1e9
+#                      return value)
+#  %(asctime)s         Textual time when the LogRecord was created
+#  %(msecs)d           Millisecond portion of the creation time
+#  %(relativeCreated)d Time in milliseconds when the LogRecord was created,
+#                      relative to the time the logging module was loaded
+#                      (typically at application startup time)
+#  %(thread)d          Thread ID (if available)
+#  %(threadName)s      Thread name (if available)
+#  %(taskName)s        Task name (if available)
+#  %(process)d         Process ID (if available)
+#  %(processName)s     Process name (if available)
+#  %(message)s         The result of record.getMessage(), computed just as
+#                      the record is emitted
+# formatter = logging.Formatter(format_str)
+# logging.basicConfig(
+#     # 50=CRITICAL/FATAL, 40=ERROR, 30=WARN/WARNING, 20=INFO, 10=DEBUG, 0=NOTSET
+#     # loglevel_map = logging.getLevelNamesMapping()
+#     level=logging.INFO,
+#     format=format_str,
+# )
+
+# True regex pattern:
+#locale.nl_langinfo(locale.YESEXPR)
+RE_TRUE = r"^[yY]|^[sS]|^[tT]|^[oO][nN]|1"
+# False regex pattern: (use with caution!)
+# locale.nl_langinfo(locale.NOEXPR)
+RE_FALSE = r"^[nN]|^[fF]|^[oO][fF]+|0"
+# None:
+# matches any combination of word boundaries and whitespaces. 
+# \b cannot be used in a character range. See
+RE_NONE = r"^\b*\s*\b*\s*$"
+
+
+def user_bool(user_str: str, empty_is_none: bool = False, from_yaml=False) -> None|bool:
+    """Use caution in this call, only if you are absolutely sure that user_str should be bool or none/empty"""
+    if from_yaml:
+        return yaml.YAMLObject().from_yaml(user_str)
+    if re.match(RE_TRUE, user_str):
+        return True
+    if re.match(RE_FALSE, user_str):
+        return False
+    if re.match(RE_NONE, user_str):
+        if empty_is_none:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return False
+    raise ValueError(user_str)
+
+
+def get_env(env_name: str, 
+            cast_type: Optional[Callable] = str,
+            default: Optional[str] = None, 
+            ) -> Any | str:
+    if not isinstance(cast_type, Callable):
+        raise ValueError(cast_type)
+    return cast_type(os.environ.get(env_name, default))
+    
+
+def get_logger(name):
+    return logging.getLogger(name)
+
+def create_logger(name = __name__, loglevel: int = logging.INFO):
+    load_dotenv()
+    logging.captureWarnings(get_env("CAPTURE_WARNINGS", user_bool, "True"))
+
+    handler = colorlog.StreamHandler()
+    handler.setFormatter(colorlog.ColoredFormatter(
+        #"%(log_color)s%(levelname)-8s%(reset)s %(blue)s%(message)s",
+        f"%(log_color)s{format_str}%(reset)s",
+        log_colors={
+            'DEBUG':    'cyan',
+            'INFO':     'green',
+            'WARNING':  'orange',
+            'ERROR':    'red',
+            'CRITICAL': 'yellow',
+        }))
+
+    logger = colorlog.getLogger(name)
+    logger.addHandler(handler)
+    logger.setLevel(loglevel)
+
+    return logger
+
+
+# Simple logger by printing
+def print(message):
+    pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(
+        indent=4, 
+        width=os.get_terminal_size().columns, 
+        compact=False, 
+        depth=None
+        )
+    if isinstance(message, (dict, list, tuple, set)):
+        formatted = pp.pformat(message)
+        print(formatted.replace("', '", "',\n'"))
+    else:
+        pp.pprint(message)
+
+
+def get_level(
+        cmdline: str|list[str] = None, 
+        verbose: bool = False, 
+        debug: bool = False,
+        quiet: bool = False,
+        loglevel: int = logging.INFO,
+        ) -> int:
+    # Find lowest priority loglevel
+    if "--debug" in cmdline:
+        debug = True
+    if "--verbose" in cmdline:
+        verbose = True
+    if "--quiet" in cmdline:
+        quiet = True
+
+    if debug:
+        msg = ["Returning loglevel 'DEBUG'"]
+
+        if verbose or quiet:
+            msg.append(", ignoring other loglevel flags ")
+
+        if verbose and quiet:
+            msg.append(", ignoring other loglevel flags "
+                       "(--verbose and --quiet) which are also set")
+        elif verbose:
+            msg.append("(--verbose), which is also set")
+        else:
+            msg.append("(--quiet), which is also set")
+        msg.append(".")
+        if not quiet:
+            logger.info("".join(msg))
+        return logging.DEBUG
+
+    if verbose:
+        if quiet:
+            return logging.INFO
+            #msg.append(", ignoring '--quiet' loglevel flag which was also set")
+        logger.info("Returning loglevel 'INFO' ('--verbose' flag was set).")
+        return logging.INFO
+
+    if quiet:
+        return loglevel
+
+    # msg = [f"Returning default loglevel '{loglevel_map[loglevel]}'."]
+    # logger.info("".join(msg))
+    # return loglevel
+    #     logger.info("Returning loglevel 'DEBUG' and ignoring other loglevel flags ("
+    #                         f"{"--verbose"  if "--verbose" in cmdline} is also set"
+    #                         f"{"--quiet" if "--quiet" in cmdline}"
+    #                         ")")
+    #             return logging.DEBUG
+    #         if "--verbose" in cmdline:
+    #             verbose = True
+    #             logger.info("Returning loglevel 'INFO'")
+    #             return logging.INFO
+    #         if "--quiet" in cmdline:
+    #             logger.info("Returning loglevel 'ERROR'")
+    #             return logging.ERROR
+    #     return logging.DEBUG
+
+    # for i, a in enumerate(cmdline):
+    #     if a == "--loglevel":
+    #         loglevel = loglevel_map.get(cmdline[i+1], None)
+    #     elif a.startswith("--loglevel="):
+    #         loglevel = loglevel_map.get(a.replace("--loglevel=", ""), None)
+
+    # # lower = more priority
+    # if loglevel_map[loglevel] > loglevel_map["INFO"]:
+    #     logger.debug("self.loglevel='%s'(%d) > INFO", loglevel, loglevel_map[loglevel])
+    #     loglevel = "INFO"
+
+    # def get_logger(
+    #         verbose:bool = False, 
+    #         debug:bool = False,
+    #         quiet: bool = False,
+    #         loglevel: str|int = logging.INFO,
+    #         logfile: str|Path = None,
+    #         ):
+    #     """Initialize the package logger from CLI flags and defaults.
+
+    #     Resolve the effective logging level from the class args (or sys.argv).
+    #         --debug (or debug_level=True) takes priority, then --verbose (or verbose=True) 
+    #         is compared to --loglevel (or loglevel=) and the lower one is proritized.
+    #     """
+
+
+
+    #     config.logger.info("Setting loglevel to %s",config.loglevel)
+    #     config.logger.setLevel(loglevel_map[config.loglevel])
+
+    #     # Get logfile
+    #     for i, a in enumerate(config._args_list):
+    #         if a == "--logfile":
+    #             config.logfile = config._args_list[i+1]
+    #         elif a.startswith("--logfile="):
+    #             config.logfile = a.replace("--logfile=", "")
+
+    #     if "logfile" in config and config.logfile:
+    #         if logfile:
+    #             config.logger.warning("Overriding --logfile='%s' from setup_logger(logfile='%s')", config.logfile, logfile)
+    #         config.logfile = logfile
+    #         fh = logging.FileHandler(logfile)
+    #         fh.setLevel(config.loglevel)
+    #         fh.setFormatter(logger.formatter)
+    #         config.logger.addHandler(fh)
+
+    #     # if self.debug_level:
+    #     #     logger.info("Loglevel: DEBUG")
+    #     #     if self.loglevel:
+    #     #         logger.warning("Ignoring '--loglevel' flag because DEBUG/'--debug' was also set.")
+    #     #     if "--verbose" in self._args_list:
+    #     #         logger.warning("Ignoring '--verbose' flag because '--debug' was also set.")
+    #     #         self.verbose = False
+    #     # if self.loglevel and self.verbose:
+    #     #     self.warning("Conflict: trying to --loglevel=%s (%d) and --verbose.", self.loglevel, loglevel_map[self.loglevel])
+    #     #     if loglevel_map[self.loglevel] < logging.INFO:
+    #     #         self.logger.info("Setting loglevel to %s (%d), which is more verbose than INFO.", self.loglevel, loglevel_map[self.loglevel])
+
+            
+    #     return config.logger

src/epub_tts/postprocess.py

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+"""Postprocess audio files into an audiobook.
+"""
+import subprocess
+
+
+
+# stdlib modules
+import os
+import sys
+
+# pip installed packages
+import numpy as np
+import soundfile
+import torch
+from tqdm import tqdm
+from kokoro import KPipeline
+from ebooklib import epub
+import soundfile as sf
+from mutagen import mp4
+from pydub import AudioSegment
+from mutagen import mp4
+# Local imports
+from .tts_generic import GenericTTSBackend
+from . import logger, PathLike
+from .preprocess import preprocess_book
+
+def generate_metadata(files, author, title, chapter_titles):
+    chap = 0
+    start_time = 0
+    with open("FFMETADATAFILE", "w") as file:
+        file.write(";FFMETADATA1\n")
+        file.write(f"ARTIST={author}\n")
+        file.write(f"ALBUM={title}\n")
+        file.write(f"TITLE={title}\n")
+        file.write("DESCRIPTION=Made with https://github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-kokoro\n")
+        for file_name in files:
+            duration = get_duration(file_name)
+            file.write("[CHAPTER]\n")
+            file.write("TIMEBASE=1/1000\n")
+            file.write(f"START={start_time}\n")
+            file.write(f"END={start_time + duration}\n")
+            file.write(f"title={chapter_titles[chap]}\n")
+            chap += 1
+            start_time += duration
+
+def get_duration(file_path):
+    audio = AudioSegment.from_file(file_path)
+    duration_milliseconds = len(audio)
+    return duration_milliseconds
+
+def make_m4b(files, sourcefile, speaker):
+    filelist = "filelist.txt"
+    basefile = sourcefile.replace(".txt", "")
+    outputm4a = f"{basefile} ({speaker}).m4a"
+    outputm4b = f"{basefile} ({speaker}).m4b"
+    with open(filelist, "w") as f:
+        for filename in files:
+            filename = filename.replace("'", "'\\''")
+            f.write(f"file '{filename}'\n")
+    ffmpeg_command = [
+        "ffmpeg",
+        "-f",
+        "concat",
+        "-safe",
+        "0",
+        "-i",
+        filelist,
+        "-codec:a",
+        "flac",
+        "-f",
+        "mp4",
+        "-strict",
+        "-2",
+        outputm4a,
+    ]
+    subprocess.run(ffmpeg_command)
+    ffmpeg_command = [
+        "ffmpeg",
+        "-i",
+        outputm4a,
+        "-i",
+        "FFMETADATAFILE",
+        "-map_metadata",
+        "1",
+        "-codec",
+        "aac",
+        outputm4b,
+    ]
+    subprocess.run(ffmpeg_command)
+    os.remove(filelist)
+    os.remove("FFMETADATAFILE")
+    os.remove(outputm4a)
+    for f in files:
+        os.remove(f)
+    return outputm4b
+
+def add_cover(cover_img, filename):
+    try:
+        if os.path.isfile(cover_img):
+            m4b = mp4.MP4(filename)
+            cover_image = open(cover_img, "rb").read()
+            m4b["covr"] = [mp4.MP4Cover(cover_image)]
+            m4b.save()
+        else:
+            print(f"Cover image {cover_img} not found")
+    except:
+        print(f"Cover image {cover_img} not found")

src/epub_tts/preprocess.py

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+"""Preprocess epub books into txt files.
+"""
+
+# stdlib modules
+import os
+import sys
+import re
+import zipfile
+
+# pip installed packages
+import numpy as np
+import warnings
+from tqdm import tqdm
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+import ebooklib
+from ebooklib import epub
+import soundfile as sf
+from lxml import etree
+
+from PIL import Image
+import nltk
+from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize
+
+
+# Local imports
+from .tts_generic import GenericTTSBackend
+from . import logger, PathLike
+
+
+
+namespaces = {
+   "calibre":"http://calibre.kovidgoyal.net/2009/metadata",
+   "dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/",
+   "dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
+   "opf":"http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf",
+   "u":"urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container",
+   "xsi":"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance",
+}
+
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", module="ebooklib.epub")
+
+def ensure_punkt():
+    try:
+        nltk.data.find("tokenizers/punkt")
+    except LookupError:
+        nltk.download("punkt")
+    try:
+        nltk.data.find("tokenizers/punkt_tab")
+    except LookupError:
+        nltk.download("punkt_tab")
+
+
+def chap2text_epub(chap, item_id=None, toc=None):
+    """
+    Extract chapter title and paragraphs from an EPUB chapter.
+    
+    Args:
+        chap: The chapter content (HTML).
+        item_id: The ID of the item in the EPUB spine (for fallback naming).
+        toc: The EPUB's table of contents (for fallback title extraction).
+    
+    Returns:
+        tuple: (chapter_title_text, paragraphs)
+    """
+    blacklist = [
+        "[document]",
+        "noscript",
+        "header",
+        "html",
+        "meta",
+        "head",
+        "input",
+        "script",
+    ]
+    paragraphs = []
+    soup = BeautifulSoup(chap, "html.parser")
+
+    # Step 1: Try to find chapter title in heading tags (<h1>, <h2>, <h3>)
+    heading_tags = ['h1', 'h2', 'h3']
+    chapter_title_text = None
+    for tag in heading_tags:
+        heading = soup.find(tag)
+        if heading and heading.text.strip():
+            chapter_title_text = heading.text.strip()
+            print(f"Found title in <{tag}>: '{chapter_title_text}'")
+            break
+
+    # Step 2: If no heading found, try elements with common class names
+    if not chapter_title_text:
+        common_classes = ['chapter', 'chapter-title', 'title', 'heading']
+        for class_name in common_classes:
+            element = soup.find(class_=class_name)
+            if element and element.text.strip():
+                chapter_title_text = element.text.strip()
+                print(f"Found title in class '{class_name}': '{chapter_title_text}'")
+                break
+
+    # Step 3: Fallback to TOC if provided
+    if not chapter_title_text and toc and item_id:
+        for toc_item in toc:
+            if toc_item.href.split('#')[0] == item_id:
+                chapter_title_text = toc_item.title
+                print(f"Found title in TOC for item '{item_id}': '{chapter_title_text}'")
+                break
+
+    # Step 4: Fallback to item ID or generic name
+    if not chapter_title_text:
+        chapter_title_text = item_id.replace('.xhtml', '').replace('_', ' ').title() if item_id else None
+        print(f"No title found, using fallback: '{chapter_title_text}'")
+
+    # Remove footnotes (links with only numbers)
+    for a in soup.findAll("a", href=True):
+        if not any(char.isalpha() for char in a.text):
+            a.extract()
+
+    # Remove superscript numbers (e.g., footnote markers)
+    for sup in soup.findAll("sup"):
+        if sup.text.isdigit():
+            sup.extract()
+
+    # Extract paragraphs
+    chapter_paragraphs = soup.find_all("p")
+    if not chapter_paragraphs:
+        print(f"No <p> tags found in '{chapter_title_text or item_id}'. Trying <div>.")
+        chapter_paragraphs = soup.find_all("div")
+
+    for p in chapter_paragraphs:
+        paragraph_text = "".join(p.strings).strip()
+        if paragraph_text:
+            paragraphs.append(paragraph_text)
+
+    return chapter_title_text, paragraphs
+
+def get_epub_cover(epub_path):
+    try:
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(epub_path) as z:
+            t = etree.fromstring(z.read("META-INF/container.xml"))
+            rootfile_path =  t.xpath("/u:container/u:rootfiles/u:rootfile",
+                                        namespaces=namespaces)[0].get("full-path")
+
+            t = etree.fromstring(z.read(rootfile_path))
+            cover_meta = t.xpath("//opf:metadata/opf:meta[@name='cover']",
+                                        namespaces=namespaces)
+            if not cover_meta:
+                print("No cover image found.")
+                return None
+            cover_id = cover_meta[0].get("content")
+
+            cover_item = t.xpath("//opf:manifest/opf:item[@id='" + cover_id + "']",
+                                            namespaces=namespaces)
+            if not cover_item:
+                print("No cover image found.")
+                return None
+            cover_href = cover_item[0].get("href")
+            cover_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(rootfile_path), cover_href)
+            if os.name == 'nt' and '\\' in cover_path:
+                cover_path = cover_path.replace("\\", "/")
+            return z.open(cover_path)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        print(f"Could not get cover image of {epub_path}")
+
+def export(book, sourcefile):
+    book_contents = []
+    cover_image = get_epub_cover(sourcefile)
+    image_path = None
+
+    if cover_image is not None:
+        image = Image.open(cover_image)
+        image_filename = sourcefile.replace(".epub", ".png")
+        image_path = os.path.join(image_filename)
+        image.save(image_path)
+        print(f"Cover image saved to {image_path}")
+
+    # Get the table of contents
+    toc = book.get_toc() if hasattr(book, 'get_toc') else []
+
+    spine_ids = [spine_tuple[0] for spine_tuple in book.spine if spine_tuple[1] == 'yes']
+    items = {item.get_id(): item for item in book.get_items() if item.get_type() == ebooklib.ITEM_DOCUMENT}
+
+    for id in spine_ids:
+        item = items.get(id)
+        if item is None:
+            continue
+        # Pass item_id and toc to chap2text_epub
+        chapter_title, chapter_paragraphs = chap2text_epub(item.get_content(), item_id=id, toc=toc)
+        book_contents.append({"title": chapter_title, "paragraphs": chapter_paragraphs})
+
+    outfile = sourcefile.replace(".epub", ".txt")
+    check_for_file(outfile)
+    print(f"Exporting {sourcefile} to {outfile}")
+    author = book.get_metadata("DC", "creator")[0][0]
+    booktitle = book.get_metadata("DC", "title")[0][0]
+
+    with open(outfile, "w", encoding='utf-8') as file:
+        file.write(f"Title: {booktitle}\n")
+        file.write(f"Author: {author}\n\n")
+        file.write(f"# Title\n")
+        file.write(f"{booktitle}, by {author}\n\n")
+        for i, chapter in enumerate(book_contents, start=1):
+            if not chapter["paragraphs"] or chapter["paragraphs"] == ['']:
+                continue
+            else:
+                # Use chapter title if available, otherwise fallback to "Part {i}"
+                title = chapter["title"] if chapter["title"] else f"Part {i}"
+                file.write(f"# {title}\n\n")
+                for paragraph in chapter["paragraphs"]:
+                    clean = re.sub(r'[\s\n]+', ' ', paragraph)
+                    clean = re.sub(r'[“”]', '"', clean)  # Curly double quotes to standard double quotes
+                    clean = re.sub(r'[‘’]', "'", clean)  # Curly single quotes to standard single quotes
+                    clean = re.sub(r'--', ', ', clean)
+                    file.write(f"{clean}\n\n")
+
+    return book_contents
+
+def get_book(sourcefile):
+    book_contents = []
+    book_title = sourcefile
+    book_author = "Unknown"
+    chapter_titles = []
+
+    with open(sourcefile, "r", encoding="utf-8") as file:
+        current_chapter = {"title": "blank", "paragraphs": []}
+        initialized_first_chapter = False
+        lines_skipped = 0
+        for line in file:
+
+            if lines_skipped < 2 and (line.startswith("Title") or line.startswith("Author")):
+                lines_skipped += 1
+                if line.startswith('Title: '):
+                    book_title = line.replace('Title: ', '').strip()
+                elif line.startswith('Author: '):
+                    book_author = line.replace('Author: ', '').strip()
+                continue
+
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line.startswith("#"):
+                if current_chapter["paragraphs"] or not initialized_first_chapter:
+                    if initialized_first_chapter:
+                        book_contents.append(current_chapter)
+                    current_chapter = {"title": None, "paragraphs": []}
+                    initialized_first_chapter = True
+                chapter_title = line[1:].strip()
+                if any(c.isalnum() for c in chapter_title):
+                    current_chapter["title"] = chapter_title
+                    chapter_titles.append(current_chapter["title"])
+                else:
+                    current_chapter["title"] = "blank"
+                    chapter_titles.append("blank")
+            elif line:
+                if not initialized_first_chapter:
+                    chapter_titles.append("blank")
+                    initialized_first_chapter = True
+                if any(char.isalnum() for char in line):
+                    sentences = sent_tokenize(line)
+                    cleaned_sentences = [s for s in sentences if any(char.isalnum() for char in s)]
+                    line = ' '.join(cleaned_sentences)
+                    current_chapter["paragraphs"].append(line)
+
+        # Append the last chapter if it contains any paragraphs.
+        if current_chapter["paragraphs"]:
+            book_contents.append(current_chapter)
+
+    return book_contents, book_title, book_author, chapter_titles
+
+def sort_key(s):
+    # extract number from the string
+    return int(re.findall(r'\d+', s)[0])
+
+def check_for_file(filename):
+    if os.path.isfile(filename):
+        print(f"The file '{filename}' already exists.")
+        overwrite = input("Do you want to overwrite the file? (y/n): ")
+        if overwrite.lower() != 'y':
+            print("Exiting without overwriting the file.")
+            sys.exit()
+        else:
+            os.remove(filename)
+
+def append_silence(tempfile, duration=1200):
+    audio = AudioSegment.from_file(tempfile)
+    # Create a silence segment
+    silence = AudioSegment.silent(duration)
+    # Append the silence segment to the audio
+    combined = audio + silence
+    # Save the combined audio back to file
+    combined.export(tempfile, format="flac")
+
+def break_long_sentence(sentence, max_length=200):
+    # Split sentence based on commas
+    comma_segments = sentence.split(',')
+    segments = []
+    current_segment = ""
+    for segment in comma_segments:
+        # Check if adding the next segment exceeds max_length
+        temp_segment = current_segment + ("," if current_segment else "") + segment
+        if len(temp_segment) > max_length:
+            # Add the current segment to the list and reset it
+            if current_segment:
+                segments.append(current_segment)
+            # Start a new segment with the current part
+            current_segment = segment.strip()
+        else:
+            # Continue building the current segment
+            current_segment = temp_segment.strip()
+    # Don't forget to add the last segment if it exists
+    if current_segment:
+        segments.append(current_segment)
+    return segments
+
+def process_large_text(line):
+    # Tokenize the text into sentences
+    sentences = sent_tokenize(line)
+    # Initialize a list to store processed sentences
+    results = []
+    
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(sentences):
+        sentence = sentences[i]
+        word_count = len(sentence.split())
+        
+        # Combine with the next sentence if this one has fewer than 8 words
+        if word_count < 8 and i + 1 < len(sentences):
+            # Combine the current and next sentence
+            sentence = sentence + ' ' + sentences[i + 1]
+            i += 1  # Skip the next sentence since it's already combined
+
+        if len(sentence) > 500:
+            # Break the long sentences into smaller parts using commas
+            results.extend(break_long_sentence(sentence, max_length=350))
+        else:
+            results.append(sentence)
+        
+        i += 1  # Move to the next sentence
+    
+    # Before returning, combine last elements if they are too short
+    if results and len(results[-1].split()) < 8:
+        if len(results) > 1:
+            # Combine the last two sentences if they are both short
+            results[-2] += ' ' + results[-1]
+            results.pop()
+            
+    return results
+
+def conditional_sentence_case(sent):
+    # Split the sentence into words
+    words = sent.split()
+    length = len(words)
+    # Iterate through words to check for three consecutive uppercase words
+    for i in range(length - 2):
+        if words[i].isupper() and words[i+1].isupper() and words[i+2].isupper():
+            # Convert the entire sentence to lowercase and capitalize the first letter
+            sent = ' '.join(words).lower().capitalize()
+            break  # No need to continue checking once a match is found
+    return sent
+
+def preprocess_book(book_path):
+    ensure_punkt()
+    book = epub.read_epub(book_path)
+    export(book, book_path)

src/epub_tts/sample_download.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import zipfile
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
-from epub_tts.vendor_utils import get_repo_path
+from epub_tts.utils import get_repo_path
 
 
 def get_project_root() -> Path:

src/epub_tts/spantrack.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8; tab-width: 4; -*-
+# vim: set fileencoding=utf-8 tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 expandtab:
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+
+from pathlib import Path
+import os
+import sys
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime as dt
+
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+from .logger import logger, create_logger
+
+logger = create_logger(__name__)
+from spantrack import cli, run_config
+
+load_dotenv()
+os.environ["NLTK_DATA"] =  'C:\\Users\\renat\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data'
+os.environ["HF_TOKEN"] = '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'
+
+# Globals
+time_format: str = os.environ.get("TIMEFMT", r"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f")
+caught_exceptions: tuple[Exception] = (KeyboardInterrupt, BaseException)
+
+
+def main():
+  logger.info("Start main function.")
+  root = Path('D:\\DATA\\EBOOKS\\_SEM_DRM\\')
+  globs = [
+    #"Night School*.epub",
+    #"Midnight Line*.epub",
+    #"Past Tense*.epub",
+    #"Blue Moon*.epub",
+    "The Sentinel*.epub",
+    "Better Off Dead*.epub",
+    "No Plan B*.epub",
+  ]
+
+  cmd = []
+  if "--dry-run" in sys.argv:
+    cmd.extend("--dry-run")
+  cmd.extend(["--progress",
+    "--device", run_config.Device["CUDA"], # spantrack.run_config.Device, default=Device.AUTO,
+    #"--lexicon", # Path
+    #"--audio-format", # AudioFormat, default=AudioFormat.MP3, spantrack.run_config._AUDIO_MEDIA_TYPES
+    #"--lang", # Language, default=Language.EN_US,
+    "--voice","am_liam",
+  ])
+  result_output = {"pending":[],"success":[],"error":[]}
+  logger.info("Start main loop: ")
+  logger.info("try (for glob in globs: %s", ", ".join([f"'{str(g)}'" for g in globs]))
+  logger.info("except: %s", ", ".join([f"{e.__name__}" for e in caught_exceptions]) )
+  logger.info("finally: sys.exit( len(errors) + len(pending) )")
+  try:
+    for glob_i,glob in enumerate(globs):
+      file_list = [f for f in root.glob(glob)]
+      if len(file_list) != 1:
+        logger.error(f"Glob pattern '{glob}' found {"more" if len(file_list)>1 else "less"} than 1 file: %s", file_list)
+        result_output["error"].append(glob)
+        continue
+      result_output["pending"].append(str(file_list[0]))
+    logger.info(
+        "Files to parse:\n%s", 
+        ",\n".join([f"[{i+1}] '{str(f)}'" for i,f in enumerate(result_output["pending"])]))
+    for file in result_output["pending"]:
+      start_dt = dt.now()
+      logger.info(f"[{start_dt.strftime(time_format)}] Narrating '{file}'")
+      cli.main([file] + cmd)
+      finish_dt = dt.now()
+      logger.info(f"[{finish_dt .strftime(time_format)}] Success! '{file}'")
+      elapsed_time = finish_dt-start_dt
+      elapsed_total_seconds = elapsed_time.total_seconds()
+      elapsed_hours= elapsed_total_seconds // 3600
+      elapsed_minutes = (elapsed_total_seconds % 3600) // 60
+      elapsed_seconds = elapsed_total_seconds % 60
+      elapsed_msg = "Total elapsed time: %dh %dmin %ds"
+      logger.info(elapsed_msg, elapsed_hours, elapsed_minutes, elapsed_seconds)
+      result_output["success"].append(file)
+      result_output["pending"].remove(file)
+  except caught_exceptions as e:
+    logger.critical("Caught exception: %s", str(e))
+  finally:
+    logger.info("Exiting with results:\nDONE:%s\nLIST:%s\nERR:%s", 
+        ",\n".join([f"\t[{i+1}] '{str(f)}'" for i,f in enumerate(result_output["success"])]),
+        ",\n".join([f"\t[{i+1}] '{str(f)}'" for i,f in enumerate(result_output["pending"])]),
+        ",\n".join([f"\t[{i+1}] '{str(f)}'" for i,f in enumerate(result_output["error"])]),
+      )
+    sys.exit(
+      len(result_output["pending"]) +
+      len(result_output["error"])
+      )

src/epub_tts/tts_aedocw.py

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+"""Backends for the aedocw collection of EPUB->TTS repositories.
+
+This module defines subclasses of GenericTTSBackend that provide sane
+default backend command names for the aedocw repositories available on
+GitHub: epub2tts, epub2tts-edge, epub2tts-chatterbox and epub2tts-kokoro.
+
+The vendored packages are run in isolated virtual environments when the
+corresponding console script is not available in the current environment.
+"""
+
+from .tts_generic import GenericTTSBackend
+from . import logger, PathLike
+
+class AedocwBackend(GenericTTSBackend):
+    """Generic aedocw backend wrapper.
+
+    Parameters:
+        repo: repository name (one of the keys in _CMD_MAP)
+        backend_cmd: explicit command/executable to use (overrides repo mapping)
+        language: optional language code
+        voice: optional voice name
+
+    The GenericTTSBackend stores the default command name in self.backend_cmd,
+    but the vendored adapters may still run the package in their own venv if
+    the console script is not present.
+    """
+    FLAGS = {
+            "speaker": "--speaker",
+            "voice": "--speaker",
+            "language": "--language",
+            "cover": "--cover",
+        }
+    INTERMEDIATE_TXT = True
+    INTERMEDIATE_CALL = GenericTTSBackend._replace_map
+
+    def gen_input_flag(self, input_path) -> list[str]:
+            """Return backend flag for input file or directory."""
+            p = self._normalize_path(input_path)
+            return [str(p)]  # epub2tts-edge expects a single path, no flag
+            
+    gen_output_flag = None
+                                              
+    
+
+class AedocwEpub2TTS(AedocwBackend):
+    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts."""
+    pass
+    
+
+class AedocwEpub2TTSEdge(AedocwBackend):
+    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-edge."""
+    DEFAULT_SPEAKER = "en-US-AndrewNeural"
+    CMD = ["-c", "from epub2tts_edge import main;main()"]
+    REPO = "epub2tts-edge"
+
+   
+        
+
+
+class TTSEdge(AedocwEpub2TTSEdge):
+    """Backward-compatible edge backend wrapper."""
+    pass
+
+
+class AedocwChatterbox(AedocwBackend):
+    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-chatterbox."""
+    
+    DEFAULT_SAMPLE = "none"
+
+
+class AedocwKokoro(AedocwBackend):
+    """Backend configured for github.com/aedocw/epub2tts-kokoro."""
+    #DEFAULT_SPEAKER = "af_heart"
+    DEFAULT_SPEAKER = "am_liam"
+    CMD = ["-c", "from epub2tts_kokoro import main;main()"]
+    REPO = "epub2tts-kokoro"
+    FLAGS = {
+        "--speaker": "voice", # str, default="af_heart"
+        "--cover": "cover", # str, default=None
+        "--paragraphpause": "long_pause", # int, default=600 (ms)
+        "--speed": "speed", # float, default=1.3
+    }
+    DEFAULT_FLAGS = {
+        "voice": "am_liam",
+        "cover": None,
+        "long_pause": 600,
+        "speed": 1.3,
+    }
+
+
+
+    def get_speakers(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Return list of available speakers."""
+        return ["af_heart", "af_joy", "af_sad", "af_angry", "af_fear", "af_surprise"]
+    
+    def gen_speaker_samples(
+            self, 
+            samples: list =None,
+            output_path: PathLike=None,
+        ) -> list[str]:
+        """Generate sample speakers audio in output_path."""
+        result = self._build_command("gen_samples.py", *samples, output_path=output_path)
+        return [str(self._normalize_path(s)) for s in samples]
+
+
+class Epub2TTS(AedocwBackend):
+    """Backward-compatible chatterbox backend wrapper."""
+
+    pass
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AedocwBackend",
+    "AedocwEpub2TTS",
+    "AedocwEpub2TTSEdge",
+    "AedocwChatterbox",
+    "AedocwKokoro",
+    "TTSEdge",
+    "Epub2TTS",
+]

src/epub_tts/tts_backend.py

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Generic TTS Backend for handling text-to-speech conversion.
-
-This module provides a generic TTS backend that can be used to convert text to speech using various TTS engines. It defines a `GenericTTSBackend` class that can be initialized with a specific backend command, language, and voice. The class provides methods to normalize paths, determine input and output flags based on the type of input/output (file or directory), build the command for the TTS engine, and run the command.
-
-Classes:
-    GenericTTSBackend:
-        Parameters:
-            backend_cmd (str): Command or executable for the backend.
-            language (Optional[str]): Language code for TTS output.
-            voice (Optional[str]): Voice name for TTS output.
-        Methods:
-            _normalize_path(value: PathLike) -> Path: Normalize a string or Path to Path.
-            _input_flag(input_path: Path) -> str: Return backend flag for input file or directory.
-            _output_flag(output_path: Path) -> str: Return backend flag for output file or directory.
-            _build_command(input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike) -> list[str]: Build command list for subprocess.
-            run(input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess: Execute backend command.
-
-"""
-
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional, Union
-
-PathLike = Union[str, Path]
-
-
-class GenericTTSBackend:
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        backend_cmd: str,
-        language: Optional[str] = None,
-        voice: Optional[str] = None,
-    ):
-        self.backend_cmd = backend_cmd
-        self.language = language
-        self.voice = voice
-
-    def _normalize_path(self, value: PathLike) -> Path:
-        if isinstance(value, Path):
-            return value
-        return Path(value)
-
-    def _input_flag(self, input_path: Path) -> str:
-        return "--input-dir" if input_path.is_dir() else "--input-file"
-
-    def _output_flag(self, output_path: Path) -> str:
-        return "--output-dir" if output_path.is_dir() else "--output-file"
-
-    def _build_command(
-        self, input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike
-    ) -> list[str]:
-        input_path = self._normalize_path(input_source)
-        output_path = self._normalize_path(output_dest)
-
-        command = [
-            self.backend_cmd,
-            self._input_flag(input_path),
-            str(input_path),
-            self._output_flag(output_path),
-            str(output_path),
-        ]
-
-        if self.language:
-            command.extend(["--language", self.language])
-        if self.voice:
-            command.extend(["--voice", self.voice])
-
-        return command
-
-    def run(
-        self, input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike
-    ) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-        command = self._build_command(input_source, output_dest)
-        return subprocess.run(command, check=True)

src/epub_tts/tts_edge.py

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Compatibility shim for the edge backend in epub-tts."""
-
-from .aedocw_backend import AedocwEpub2TTSEdge
-
-
-class TTSEdge(AedocwEpub2TTSEdge):
-    """Backward-compatible edge backend wrapper."""
-
-    pass

src/epub_tts/tts_generic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+# Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
+"""Generic TTS Backend for handling text-to-speech conversion.
+
+This module provides a generic TTS backend that can be used to convert text to speech using various TTS engines. It defines a `GenericTTSBackend` class that can be initialized with a specific backend command, language, and voice. The class provides methods to normalize paths, determine input and output flags based on the type of input/output (file or directory), build the command for the TTS engine, and run the command.
+
+Classes:
+    
+    GenericTTSBackend:
+        
+        Parameters:
+            backend_cmd (str): Command or executable for the backend.
+            language (Optional[str]): Language code for TTS output.
+            voice (Optional[str]): Voice name for TTS output.
+        
+        Methods:
+            _normalize_path(value: PathLike) -> Path: Normalize a string or Path to Path.
+            
+            gen_input_flag(input_path: Path) -> str: Return backend flag for input file or directory.
+            
+            gen_output_flag(output_path: Path) -> str: Return backend flag for output file or directory.
+            
+            _build_command(input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike) -> list[str]: Build command list for subprocess.
+            
+            run(input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess: Execute backend command.
+
+"""
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional, Callable
+
+from .utils import build_run_command, ensure_venv
+from . import logger, PathLike
+
+class GenericTTSBackend:
+    """Generic TTS backend for handling text-to-speech conversion.
+
+    Parameters:
+        backend_cmd (str): Command or executable for the backend.
+        language (Optional[str]): Language code for TTS output.
+        voice (Optional[str]): Voice name for TTS output.
+    """
+    REPO: Optional[str] = None
+    CMD: Optional[str] = None
+    FLAGS: Optional[dict] = {}
+    DEFAULT_FLAGS: Optional[dict] = {}
+    INTERMEDIATE_TXT: Optional[bool] = False
+    INTERMEDIATE_CALL: Optional[Callable] = None
+    DEFAULT_SPEAKER: Optional[str] = None
+    DEFAULT_SAMPLE: Optional[str] = None
+    SUPPORTED_AUDIO_FORMATS = {
+        # subclasses may override this
+        ".m4b": "m4b",
+        ".wav": "wav",
+        ".flac": "flac",
+        ".mp3": "mp3",
+        ".ogg": "ogg",
+    }
+    
+    INPUT_FLAG = {True: "--input-dir", False: "--input-file"}
+    OUTPUT_FLAG = {True: "--output-dir", False: "--output-file"}
+    ENV = None  # subclasses may override this to set environment variables for the backend
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        logger.info(kwargs)
+        for k,v in kwargs.items():
+            setattr(self, k, v)
+        if hasattr(self, 'CWD') and self.CWD is not None:
+            self.CWD = Path(self.CWD).resolve()
+        else:
+            self.CWD = self._normalize_path(self.output).resolve() if hasattr(self, 'output') else Path.cwd()
+            if not self.CWD.is_dir():
+                self.CWD = self.CWD.parent.resolve()
+        self.ENV = os.environ.copy()
+        #logger.info(f"SELF:{self.__dict__}")
+
+
+    def _normalize_path(self, value: PathLike) -> Path:
+        if isinstance(value, Path):
+            return value.resolve()
+        else:
+            return Path(value).resolve()
+
+
+    def gen_input_flag(self, input_path: Path) -> list[str]:
+        p = self._normalize_path(input_path)
+        return [self.INPUT_FLAG[p.is_dir()], str(p)]
+
+
+    def gen_output_flag(self, output_path: Path) -> list[str]:
+        p = self._normalize_path(output_path)
+        return [self.OUTPUT_FLAG[p.is_dir()], str(p)]
+
+    def _build_command(self, input_source: PathLike, output_dest: PathLike) -> list[str]:
+        if not self.CMD and not self.REPO:
+            raise ValueError("Either CMD or REPO must be specified for the backend.")
+        if self.CMD and not self.REPO:
+            command = [self.CMD]
+        elif self.REPO and not self.CMD:
+            command = [str(ensure_venv(self.REPO))]
+        else:
+            command = [str(ensure_venv(self.REPO))]
+            command.extend(["-m",self.CMD] if isinstance(self.CMD, str) 
+                           else self.CMD)
+        command.extend(self.gen_input_flag(input_source))
+        if self.gen_output_flag:
+            command.extend(self.gen_output_flag(output_dest))
+        for flag_name, var_name in self.FLAGS.items():
+            if getattr(self, var_name, self.DEFAULT_FLAGS[var_name]) is not None:
+                command.extend([flag_name, str(getattr(self, var_name))
+                    ])
+        return command
+    
+    def run(self,
+            input_source: PathLike,
+            output_dest: PathLike,
+            **kwargs
+            ) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
+
+        command = self._build_command(input_source, output_dest)
+        logger.info(command)
+
+        # PREPROCESSING STEP: If INTERMEDIATE_TXT is True, run the command to generate intermediate text first
+        if not input_source.endswith(".txt"):
+            completed = subprocess.run(
+                self._build_command(input_source, output_dest), 
+                cwd=str(self.CWD), 
+                env=self.ENV,
+                check=True)
+        
+        if self.INTERMEDIATE_TXT:
+            txt_file = self._normalize_path(input_source).with_suffix(".txt")
+            if txt_file.exists():
+                if (self.INTERMEDIATE_CALL is not None and 
+                    kwargs.get('replace_map', None) is not None):
+                    self.INTERMEDIATE_CALL(
+                        txt_file, 
+                        txt_file.with_stem(txt_file.stem + "_replaced"), kwargs.get('replace_map', {}))
+                    txt_file = txt_file.with_stem(txt_file.stem + "_replaced")
+                completed = subprocess.run(
+                    self._build_command(txt_file, output_dest),
+                    cwd=str(self.CWD),
+                    env=self.ENV,
+                    check=True
+                )
+
+        return completed
+
+       
+
+    def _replace_map(self, 
+            input_path: PathLike, 
+            output_path: PathLike,    
+            replace_map: dict = None,
+            ):
+        """Run a simple regex substitution for the intermediate text extraction step."""
+        if replace_map is not None:
+            pattern = re.compile("|".join(re.escape(key) for key in replace_map.keys()))
+
+        with open(input_path, 'r') as src, open(output_path, 'w') as dest:
+            for line in src:
+                dest.write(
+                    pattern.sub(lambda match: replace_map[match.group(0)], line))

src/epub_tts/tts_kokoro.py

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+"""Backend for the kokoro engine.
+No vendored repository needed, kokoro is a pure Python package that can be installed via pip.
+
+"""
+
+# stdlib modules
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+import os
+import sys
+# Automatically enable MPS fallback on Apple Silicon macOS
+if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+    os.environ['PYTORCH_ENABLE_MPS_FALLBACK'] = '1'
+
+
+# pip installed packages
+import numpy as np
+import soundfile
+import torch
+from tqdm import tqdm
+from kokoro import KPipeline
+from ebooklib import epub
+import soundfile as sf
+from mutagen import mp4
+from pydub import AudioSegment
+from mutagen import mp4
+# Local imports
+from .tts_generic import GenericTTSBackend
+from . import logger, PathLike
+from .preprocess import preprocess_book
+
+class KokoroBackend(GenericTTSBackend):
+    """Generic kokoro backend wrapper.
+
+    Parameters:
+        repo: repository name (one of the keys in _CMD_MAP)
+        backend_cmd: explicit command/executable to use (overrides repo mapping)
+        language: optional language code
+        voice: optional voice name
+
+    The GenericTTSBackend stores the default command name in self.backend_cmd,
+    but the vendored adapters may still run the package in their own venv if
+    the console script is not present.
+    """
+   
+    INTERMEDIATE_TXT = True
+    INTERMEDIATE_CALL = GenericTTSBackend._replace_map
+    DEFAULT_SPEAKER = "am_liam" # ["af_heart", "am_michael", "am_liam"]
+    
+    def run(self,
+            input_source: PathLike,
+            output_dest: PathLike,
+            **kwargs
+            ) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
+
+        command = self._build_command(input_source, output_dest)
+        logger.info(command)
+
+        # # PREPROCESSING STEP: If INTERMEDIATE_TXT is True, run the command to generate intermediate text first
+        # if not input_source.endswith(".txt"):
+        #     completed = subprocess.run(
+        #         self._build_command(input_source, output_dest), 
+        #         cwd=str(self.CWD), 
+        #         env=self.ENV,
+        #         check=True)
+        
+        # if self.INTERMEDIATE_TXT:
+        #     txt_file = self._normalize_path(input_source).with_suffix(".txt")
+        #     if txt_file.exists():
+        #         if (self.INTERMEDIATE_CALL is not None and 
+        #             kwargs.get('replace_map', None) is not None):
+        #             self.INTERMEDIATE_CALL(
+        #                 txt_file, 
+        #                 txt_file.with_stem(txt_file.stem + "_replaced"), kwargs.get('replace_map', {}))
+        #             txt_file = txt_file.with_stem(txt_file.stem + "_replaced")
+        #         completed = subprocess.run(
+        #             self._build_command(txt_file, output_dest),
+        #             cwd=str(self.CWD),
+        #             env=self.ENV,
+        #             check=True
+        #         )
+
+        
+        # If we get an epub, export that to txt file
+        if input_source.endswith(".epub"):
+            book = preprocess_book(input_source)
+                
+        # Check for GPU
+        if torch.cuda.is_available():
+            print('Nvidia GPU available. Setting as default device.')
+            torch.set_default_device('cuda')
+        elif torch.xpu.is_available():
+            print('Intel XPU (GPU) available. Setting as default device.')
+            torch.set_default_device('xpu')
+        elif torch.backends.mps.is_available():
+            print('Apple MPS GPU available. Setting as default device.')
+            torch.set_default_device('mps')
+        elif torch.backends.rocm.is_available():
+            print('AMD ROCm GPU available. Setting as default device.')
+            torch.set_default_device('rocm')
+        elif torch.is_vulkan_available():
+            print('Vulkan GPU available. Setting as default device.')
+            torch.set_default_device('vulkan')
+        else:
+            print('No GPU available. Using CPU.')
+            torch.set_default_device('cpu')
+            
+
+
+        book_contents, book_title, book_author, chapter_titles = get_book(args.sourcefile)
+        files = read_book(book_contents, args.speaker, args.paragraphpause, args.speed, args.notitles)
+        generate_metadata(files, book_author, book_title, chapter_titles)
+        m4bfilename = make_m4b(files, args.sourcefile, args.speaker)
+        add_cover(args.cover, m4bfilename)
+        
+
+
+
+    def kokoro_read(paragraph, speaker, filename, pipeline, speed):
+        audio_segments = []
+        sentences = process_large_text(paragraph)
+        for sent in sentences:
+            sent = conditional_sentence_case(sent.strip())
+            for gs, ps, audio in pipeline(sent, voice=speaker, speed=speed, split_pattern=r'\n\n\n'):
+                audio_segments.append(audio)
+
+        final_audio = np.concatenate(audio_segments)
+        soundfile.write(filename, final_audio, 24000)
+
+    def read_book(book_contents, speaker, paragraphpause, speed, notitles):
+        current_device_name = torch.get_default_device() if torch.get_default_device() else 'cpu'
+        current_device = torch.device(current_device_name)
+        print(f"Attempting to use device: {current_device}")
+
+        pipeline = KPipeline(lang_code=speaker[0])
+
+        # Explicitly move the model to the current default device (e.g., 'xpu')
+        if hasattr(pipeline, 'model') and pipeline.model is not None:
+            try:
+                pipeline.model.to(current_device)
+                print(f"Kokoro model explicitly moved to {current_device}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"Error moving Kokoro model to {current_device}: {e}")
+        else:
+            print("Warning: KPipeline does not have a 'model' attribute or model is None.")
+
+        segments = []
+        for i, chapter in enumerate(book_contents, start=1):
+            files = []
+            partname = f"part{i}.flac"
+            print(f"\n\n")
+
+            if os.path.isfile(partname):
+                print(f"{partname} exists, skipping to next chapter")
+                segments.append(partname)
+            else:
+                print(f"Chapter: {chapter['title']}\n")
+                print(f"Section name: \"{chapter['title']}\"")
+                if chapter["title"] == "":
+                    chapter["title"] = "blank"
+                if chapter["title"] != "Title" and notitles != True:
+                    title_temp = "title.flac"
+                    if not os.path.isfile(title_temp):
+                        kokoro_read(chapter['title'] + ".", speaker, "title_temp.wav", pipeline, speed)
+                        append_silence("title_temp.wav", paragraphpause)
+                        # Convert to flac
+                        audio = AudioSegment.from_file("title_temp.wav")
+                        audio.export(title_temp, format="flac")
+                        os.remove("title_temp.wav")
+                    files.append(title_temp)
+
+                for pindex, paragraph in enumerate(
+                    tqdm(chapter["paragraphs"], desc=f"Generating audio files: ",unit='pg')
+                ):
+                    ptemp = f"pgraphs{pindex}.flac"
+                    if os.path.isfile(ptemp):
+                        print(f"{ptemp} exists, skipping to next paragraph")
+                    else:
+                        #sentences = sent_tokenize(paragraph)
+                        filenames = ["sntnc1.wav"]
+                        kokoro_read(paragraph, speaker, "sntnc1.wav", pipeline, speed)                    
+                        append_silence("sntnc1.wav", paragraphpause)
+                        # combine sentences in paragraph
+                        sorted_files = sorted(filenames, key=sort_key)
+                        if os.path.exists("sntnc0.wav"):
+                            sorted_files.insert(0, "sntnc0.wav")
+                        combined = AudioSegment.empty()
+                        for file in sorted_files:
+                            combined += AudioSegment.from_file(file)
+                        combined.export(ptemp, format="flac")
+                        for file in sorted_files:
+                            os.remove(file)
+                    files.append(ptemp)
+                # combine paragraphs into chapter
+                append_silence(files[-1], 2000)
+                combined = AudioSegment.empty()
+                for file in files:
+                    combined += AudioSegment.from_file(file)
+                combined.export(partname, format="flac")
+                for file in files:
+                    os.remove(file)
+                segments.append(partname)
+        return segments
+
+    # ***
+
+    # READ
+    def read_from_txt_to_wav(text_file:PathLike, 
+                             speaker:str="af_heart") -> Path:
+        if not isinstance(text_file,Path):
+            text_file = Path(text_file).resolve()
+        else:
+            text_file = text_file.resolve()
+
+        # Check if text file exists
+        if not text_file.exists():
+            print(f"Error: Text file '{text_file}' not found.")
+            return False
+
+        # Read the text from the file
+        with open(text_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            text_contents = f.read()
+
+        # Generate output filename (replace .txt extension with .wav)
+        output_file = text_file.with_suffix('.wav')
+
+        # Check for CUDA GPU
+        if torch.cuda.is_available():
+            print('CUDA GPU available')
+            torch.set_default_device('cuda')
+
+        print(f"Generating audio for speaker '{speaker}' from '{text_file}'...")
+
+        # Create pipeline with language code (first character of speaker name)
+        pipeline = KPipeline(lang_code=speaker[0])
+
+        # Generate audio segments
+        audio_segments = []
+        for gs, ps, audio in pipeline(text_contents, voice=speaker, speed=1, split_pattern=r'\n\n\n'):
+            audio_segments.append(audio)
+
+        # Concatenate all audio segments
+        final_audio = np.concatenate(audio_segments)
+
+        # Write to wav file
+        soundfile.write(output_file, final_audio, 24000)
+
+        print(f"Audio saved to '{output_file}'")
+        return output_file
+
+
+
+    def get_speakers(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Return list of available speakers.
+        See https://huggingface.co/hexgrad/Kokoro-82M/blob/main/VOICES.md"""
+        speakers = [
+            # 🇺🇸 American English: 11F 9M
+            # Overall Grade 'A'
+            "af_heart", 
+            # Overall Grade 'C+'
+            "af_aoede","af_kore","af_sarah",
+            "am_fenrir","am_michael","am_puck",
+            # Other
+            "af_alloy",  "af_bella", "af_jessica",  "af_nicole", "af_nova", "af_river",  "af_sky", "am_adam", "am_echo", "am_eric",  "am_liam",  "am_onyx",  "am_santa", "bf_alice", 
+            # 🇬🇧 British English: 4F 4M
+            "bf_emma", "bf_isabella", "bf_lily", "bm_daniel", "bm_fable", "bm_george", "bm_lewis",
+            # 🇧🇷 Brazilian Portuguese: 1F 2M
+            "pf_dora",
+            "pm_alex",
+            "pm_santa"]
+            # Old list:
+            # ["af_heart", "af_joy", "af_sad", "af_angry", "af_fear", "af_surprise"]
+        return speakers
+    
+    def gen_speaker_samples(
+            self, 
+            samples: list =None,
+            output_path: PathLike=None,
+        ) -> list[str]:
+        """Generate sample speakers audio in output_path."""
+        result = self._build_command("gen_samples.py", *samples, output_path=output_path)
+        return [str(self._normalize_path(s)) for s in samples]
+    
+    def gen_speaker_samples():
+        
+
+        if torch.cuda.is_available():
+            print('CUDA GPU available')
+            torch.set_default_device('cuda')
+
+        for speaker in speakers:
+            file = speaker + "_sample.wav"
+            if os.path.exists(file):
+                print(f"Sample for {speaker} already exists.")
+                continue
+            else:
+                print(f"Creating {speaker}")
+            pipeline = KPipeline(lang_code=speaker[0])
+            sentence = f"Hello, this voice is {speaker[3:]}. The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. The fish twisted and turned on the bent hook.  Press the pants and sew a button on the vest.  The swan dive was far short of perfect."
+            audio_segments = []
+            for gs, ps, audio in pipeline(
+                sentence, 
+                repo_id='hexgrad/Kokoro-82M',
+                voice=speaker, 
+                speed=1, 
+                split_pattern=r'\n\n\n'):
+                audio_segments.append(audio)
+            final_audio = np.concatenate(audio_segments)
+            soundfile.write(file, final_audio, 24000)

src/epub_tts/utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
+# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
+# Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
+"""Utilities for running vendored EPUB->TTS repositories in isolated venvs."""
+
+import subprocess
+import shutil
+import sys
+import venv
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional, Union
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+
+from .logger import logger
+from . import PathLike
+
+
+def path(fpath: str|Path = None):
+    return Path(fpath).resolve()
+
+class DataDict(dict):
+    """Wrapper around dictionary objects for easier dict subclassing
+     See module [collections](https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.14/Lib/collections/__init__.py#L1133)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._data = {}
+        if args is not None:
+            if isinstance(args, list):
+                for a in args:
+                    if not isinstance(a,tuple) or len(a) != 2:
+                    # list is not a list of (k,v) tuples
+                        self._args = args
+                        break
+                # all list items are (k,v) tuples
+                self.update(args)
+            self._args = args
+        if kwargs:
+            self.update(kwargs)
+
+    # Emulate accessing class attributes
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        # This gets called only if __getattribute__ doesn't find key
+        return self._data[key]
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        if key.startswith("_"):
+            return super().__setattr__ (key, value)
+        return self._data.__setitem__(key, value)    
+
+    def __delattr__(self, key):
+        if key.startswith("_"):
+            return super().__delattr__(key)
+        return self._data.__delitem__(key)
+
+
+    # Emulate dict methods
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._data)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if key in self._data:
+            return self._data[key]
+        if hasattr(self.__class__, "__missing__"):
+            return self.__class__.__missing__(self, key)
+        raise KeyError(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        self._data[key] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        del self._data[key]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._data)
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        return key in self._data
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None):
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        return default
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self._data)
+
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        return self._data | other
+
+    def __ror__(self, other):
+        return other | self._data
+
+    def __ior__(self, other):
+        self._data |= other
+        return self
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        # TODO: verify if this is correct
+        return dict(self._data)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        import copy
+        return copy.copy(self._data)
+        
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fromkeys(cls, iterable, value=None):
+        d = cls()
+        for key in iterable:
+            d[key] = value
+        return d
+
+
+def get_vendor_root() -> Path:
+    return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / "vendor"
+
+
+def get_repo_path(repo_name: str) -> Path:
+    repo_path = get_vendor_root() / repo_name
+    if not repo_path.exists():
+        raise FileNotFoundError(
+            f"Vendored repository '{repo_name}' not found under {get_vendor_root()}"
+        )
+    return repo_path
+
+
+def get_venv_path(repo_name: str) -> Path:
+    return get_repo_path(repo_name) / ".venv"
+
+
+def get_venv_python(repo_name: str) -> Path:
+    venv_path = get_venv_path(repo_name)
+    python_executable = (
+        venv_path / "Scripts" / "python.exe"
+        if sys.platform == "win32"
+        else venv_path / "bin" / "python"
+    )
+    if not python_executable.exists():
+        raise FileNotFoundError(
+            f"Python executable not found in virtualenv at {python_executable}"
+        )
+    return python_executable
+
+
+def ensure_venv(repo_name: str) -> Path:
+    repo_path = get_repo_path(repo_name)
+    venv_path = get_venv_path(repo_name)
+    if not venv_path.exists():
+        venv.EnvBuilder(with_pip=True).create(venv_path)
+        python_executable = get_venv_python(repo_name)
+        subprocess.run(
+            [str(python_executable), "-m", "pip", "install", "-e", str(repo_path)],
+            check=True,
+        )
+    return get_venv_python(repo_name)
+
+
+def build_run_command(
+        repo_name: str,
+        # backend_cmd: str = None,
+    ) -> str:
+    return str(ensure_venv(repo_name))
+    # if not backend_cmd:
+    #     return str(ensure_venv(repo_name))
+    # ensure_venv(repo_name)
+    # venv_path = get_venv_path(repo_name)
+    # return (
+    #     str( venv_path / "Scripts" / f"{backend_cmd}.exe")
+    #     if sys.platform == "win32"
+    #     else str(venv_path / "bin" / backend_cmd)
+    #     )
+

src/epub_tts/vendor_utils.py

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Renato Xavier da Silveira Rosa
-# See [LICENSE](./LICENSE) or [BSD-3-Clause-Clear](https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause-Clear.html)
-"""Utilities for running vendored EPUB->TTS repositories in isolated venvs."""
-
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import venv
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Optional
-
-
-def get_vendor_root() -> Path:
-    return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] / "vendor"
-
-
-def get_repo_path(repo_name: str) -> Path:
-    repo_path = get_vendor_root() / repo_name
-    if not repo_path.exists():
-        raise FileNotFoundError(
-            f"Vendored repository '{repo_name}' not found under {get_vendor_root()}"
-        )
-    return repo_path
-
-
-def get_venv_path(repo_name: str) -> Path:
-    return get_repo_path(repo_name) / ".venv"
-
-
-def get_venv_python(repo_name: str) -> Path:
-    venv_path = get_venv_path(repo_name)
-    python_executable = (
-        venv_path / "Scripts" / "python.exe"
-        if sys.platform == "win32"
-        else venv_path / "bin" / "python"
-    )
-    if not python_executable.exists():
-        raise FileNotFoundError(
-            f"Python executable not found in virtualenv at {python_executable}"
-        )
-    return python_executable
-
-
-def ensure_venv(repo_name: str) -> Path:
-    repo_path = get_repo_path(repo_name)
-    venv_path = get_venv_path(repo_name)
-    if not venv_path.exists():
-        venv.EnvBuilder(with_pip=True).create(venv_path)
-        python_executable = get_venv_python(repo_name)
-        subprocess.run(
-            [str(python_executable), "-m", "pip", "install", "-e", str(repo_path)],
-            check=True,
-        )
-    return get_venv_python(repo_name)
-
-
-def build_run_command(
-    repo_name: str,
-    module_name: str,
-    backend_cmd: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> list[str]:
-    if backend_cmd is None or backend_cmd == repo_name:
-        python_executable = ensure_venv(repo_name)
-        return [str(python_executable), "-m", module_name]
-    return [backend_cmd]